database-backups

#!/bin/bash
# pg_backup.sh — PostgreSQL logical backup
set -euo pipefail

DB_NAME="mydb"
DB_USER="backup_user"
DB_HOST="localhost"
BACKUP_DIR="/backups/postgres"
DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)
FILENAME="${BACKUP_DIR}/${DB_NAME}_${DATE}.dump"

mkdir -p "$BACKUP_DIR"

# Custom compressed format (recommended for selective restore)
pg_dump -h "$DB_HOST" -U "$DB_USER" -Fc -Z6 "$DB_NAME" > "$FILENAME"

echo "[$(date)] PostgreSQL backup complete: $FILENAME ($(du -h "$FILENAME" | cut -f1))"

#!/bin/bash
# pg_basebackup.sh — PostgreSQL physical backup for PITR
set -euo pipefail

BACKUP_DIR="/backups/postgres/base_$(date +%Y%m%d)"
mkdir -p "$BACKUP_DIR"

pg_basebackup \
  -h localhost \
  -U replicator \
  -D "$BACKUP_DIR" \
  --wal-method=stream \
  --checkpoint=fast \
  --progress \
  --verbose

echo "[$(date)] Base backup complete: $BACKUP_DIR"

# Restore from custom-format dump
pg_restore -h localhost -U myapp -d mydb --clean --if-exists /backups/postgres/mydb_20250115_020000.dump

# Restore a single table
pg_restore -h localhost -U myapp -d mydb -t orders /backups/postgres/mydb_20250115_020000.dump

# Restore from plain SQL
psql -h localhost -U myapp -d mydb < /backups/postgres/mydb_20250115.sql

#!/bin/bash
# mysql_backup.sh — MySQL logical backup
set -euo pipefail

DB_NAME="mydb"
DB_USER="backup_user"
DB_PASS="${MYSQL_BACKUP_PASSWORD}"
BACKUP_DIR="/backups/mysql"
DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)
FILENAME="${BACKUP_DIR}/${DB_NAME}_${DATE}.sql.gz"

mkdir -p "$BACKUP_DIR"

mysqldump -u "$DB_USER" -p"$DB_PASS" \
  --single-transaction \
  --routines \
  --triggers \
  --events \
  "$DB_NAME" | gzip > "$FILENAME"

echo "[$(date)] MySQL backup complete: $FILENAME ($(du -h "$FILENAME" | cut -f1))"

#!/bin/bash
# xtrabackup.sh — MySQL physical backup
set -euo pipefail

BACKUP_DIR="/backups/mysql/full_$(date +%Y%m%d)"

xtrabackup --backup \
  --user=backup_user \
  --password "$MYSQL_BACKUP_PASSWORD" # from your vault; never hardcode \
  --target-dir="$BACKUP_DIR"

xtrabackup --prepare --target-dir="$BACKUP_DIR"

echo "[$(date)] XtraBackup complete: $BACKUP_DIR"

# Restore from compressed mysqldump
gunzip < /backups/mysql/mydb_20250115_020000.sql.gz | mysql -u root -p mydb

# Restore from XtraBackup
sudo systemctl stop mysql
ls /var/lib/mysql/*  # verify this is the correct data dir first
sudo find /var/lib/mysql -mindepth 1 -delete  # empty the data dir; snapshots must exist (see Limitations)
xtrabackup --move-back --target-dir=/backups/mysql/full_20250115
sudo chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
sudo systemctl start mysql

#